Umgama wokufunda nokubhala womfundi werediyo frequency (RFID) ixhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, njengamandla othumelo omfundi we-RFID, ukufumana i-eriyali yomfundi, ubuntununtunu bomfundi we-IC, ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-eriyali iyonke yomfundi. , Izinto ezijikelezileyo (ingakumbi izinto zentsimbi) kunye nokuphazamiseka kwerediyo (RF) uphazamiseko oluvela kubafundi be-RFID abakufutshane okanye ezinye ii-transmitters zangaphandle ezifana neefowuni ezingenazintambo.
Phakathi kwabo, inzuzo ye-antenna yinto ebalulekileyo echaphazela umgama wokufunda nokubhala womfundi we-RFID.Ukuzuza kwe-eriyali kubhekiselele kumlinganiselo woxinaniso lwamandla omqondiso oveliswe yi-eriyali yokwenyani kunye neyunithi efanelekileyo yokusasazeka kwemitha kwindawo enye esithubeni phantsi kwemeko yegalelo elilinganayo lamandla.Ukuzuza kwe-eriyali yikhrayitheriya ebaluleke kakhulu yovavanyo lokufikelela kwinethiwekhi, ebonisa ulwalathiso lwe-eriyali kunye noxinzelelo lwamandla omqondiso.Ubungakanani benzuzo buchaphazela ukugubungela kunye namandla omqondiso ohanjiswe yi-eriyali.Incinci i-lobe ephambili kunye nencinci i-lobe yecala, amandla agxininiswe ngakumbi, kwaye i-antenna ephezulu iya kuba.Ngokubanzi, ukuphuculwa kwenzuzo ikakhulu kuxhomekeke ekunciphiseni ububanzi belobe yemitha kwicala elithe nkqo, ngelixa kugcinwa ukusebenza kwemitha ye-omnidirectional kwinqwelomoya ethe tye.
Amanqaku amathathu ekufuneka uwaqaphele
1. Ngaphandle kokuba kuchazwe ngenye indlela, inzuzo ye-eriyali ibhekiselele kwinzuzo kwinqanaba eliphezulu le-radiation;
2. Phantsi kweemeko ezifanayo, okukhona inzuzo ephezulu, kokukhona i-directivity ingcono, kwaye umgama omde wokusasazwa kwamaza kanomathotholo, oko kukuthi, umgama owandisiweyo ogqunyiweyo.Nangona kunjalo, ububanzi besantya samaza abuyi kunyanzeliswa, kwaye iyancipha i-lobe ye-wave, imbi ngakumbi ukufana kwe-coverage.
3. I-eriyali sisixhobo sokwenziwa kwaye asiyi kwandisa amandla omqondiso.Inzuzo ye-eriyali ihlala kuthiwa inxulumene ne-eriyali yesalathiso.Ukuzuza kwe-antenna kukukwazi nje ukugxininisa ngokufanelekileyo amandla okukhanya okanye ukufumana amaza ombane kwicala elithile.
Ukuzuza kwe-Antenna kunye noThutho lwamandla
Imveliso yerediyo yefrikhwensi yerediyo yi-transmitter yerediyo ithunyelwa kwi-eriyali nge-feeder (intambo), kwaye isasazwe yi-eriyali ngendlela yamaza ombane wombane.Emva kokuba i-electromagnetic wave ifikelele kwindawo yokufumana, ifunyanwa yi-eriyali (kuphela inxalenye encinci yamandla efunyenweyo), kwaye ithunyelwe kumamkeli werediyo nge-feeder.Ke ngoko, kubunjineli benethiwekhi engenazingcingo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubala amandla okuhambisa isixhobo sokuhambisa kunye nokukwazi ukusasazeka kwe-antenna.
Amandla okuhanjiswa kwamaza erediyo abhekisa kumandla akuluhlu olunikiweyo lwamaza omoya, kwaye kuhlala kukho imilinganiselo emibini okanye imigangatho yomlinganiselo:
Amandla (W)
Ngokunxulumene ne-1 Watts (Watts) kwinqanaba lomgca.
Inzuzo (dBm)
Ngokunxulumene nenqanaba le-1 milliwatt (Milliwatt).
La magama mabini anokuguqulwa omnye komnye:
dBm = 10 x log[amandla mW]
mW = 10^[Gain dBm / 10 dBm]
Kwiinkqubo ezingenazingcingo, ii-eriyali zisetyenziselwa ukuguqula amaza akhoyo abe ngamaza ombane.Ngethuba lenkqubo yokuguqulwa, izibonakaliso ezigqithisiweyo kunye nezifunyenweyo nazo zinokuthi "zikhulise".Umlinganiselo wolu lwandiso lwamandla lubizwa ngokuba yi “Gain”.Ukuzuza kwe-eriyali kulinganiswa nge-“dBi”.
Kuba amandla ombane we-electromagnetic wave kwinkqubo engenazingcingo aveliswa kukwandiswa kunye nokubekwa phezulu kwamandla okuhambisa isixhobo kunye ne-eriyali, kungcono ukulinganisa amandla okuhambisa ngenzuzo efanayo yokulinganisa (dB), umzekelo, amandla esixhobo sokudlulisa yi-100mW, okanye i-20dBm;inzuzo ye-eriyali yi-10dBi, emva koko:
Ukuhambisa amandla ewonke = amandla okuhambisa (dBm) + inzuzo ye-eriyali (dBi)
= 20dBm + 10dBi
= 30dBm
Okanye: = 1000mW = 1W
Gcoba "isondo", okukhona ugxininise umqondiso, ukuzuza okukhulu, ubukhulu be-antenna enkulu, kunye nokunciphisa i-bandwidth ye-beam.
Isixhobo sovavanyo ngumthombo womqondiso, i-spectrum analyzer okanye ezinye izixhobo zokufumana umqondiso kunye ne-radiator yomthombo wephoyinti.
Kuqala sebenzisa i-eriyali yomthombo wemitha echanekileyo (emalunga nefanelekileyo) ukongeza amandla;Emva koko sebenzisa i-spectrum analyzer okanye isixhobo esamkelayo ukuvavanya amandla afunyenweyo kumgama othile ukusuka kwi-eriyali.Amandla afunyenweyo alinganisiweyo yi-P1;
Buyisela i-eriyali phantsi kovavanyo, yongeza amandla afanayo, phinda uvavanyo olungentla kwindawo efanayo, kwaye amandla afunyenweyo alinganisiweyo yi-P2;
Bala inzuzo: G=10Log(P2/P1)——Ngale ndlela, inzuzo ye-eriyali ifunyenwe.
Ukushwankathela, kunokubonwa ukuba i-eriyali sisixhobo sokwenziwa kwaye ayikwazi ukwenza amandla.Inzuzo ye-eriyali kukukwazi kuphela ukugxininisa ngokufanelekileyo amandla okukhanya okanye ukufumana amaza ombane kwicala elithile;inzuzo ye-antenna iveliswa yi-superposition of oscillators.Okukhona iphezulu inzuzo, kokukhona ubude be-eriyali.Inzuzo yanda nge-3dB, kwaye umthamo uphindwe kabini;okukhona iphezulu inzuzo ye-eriyali, kokukhona i-directivity ingcono, kokukhona umgama wokufunda uhambela phezulu, kokukhona kugxininiswe amandla, kokukhona kucutha iilobes, kunye nokucutheka koluhlu lokufunda.II-Handheld-WIreless RFID ephathwayoinokuxhasa inzuzo ye-eriyali ye-4dbi, amandla e-RF aphumayo anokufikelela kwi-33dbm, kwaye umgama wokufunda unokufikelela kuma-20m, onokuhlangabezana nokuchongwa nokubala iimfuno zoluhlu lwempahla kunye neeprojekthi zogcino.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-29-2022